Competition Law in Tourism

COMPETITION LAW – GENERAL THEMES 25
Bertold Bar -Bouyssière, Keti Zukakishvili and Sander De Volder, EU Competition Law and Policy in the Tourism Sector 25
Dominik Wolski, Private Antitrust Enforcement in the tourism industry 91
Péter Staviczky, Tourism and State Aid 111
Annabelle Lepièce, How to Support the Development of New Routes at an Airport: Commercial Incentives and Compatible Aids in Favour of Airlines under EU Law 143
Romain Papy, Is the Airline Industry a Natural Monopoly or a Contestable Market? The Enforcement of EU Competition Law Viewed Through the Prism of Airline Economics 173
Luís Fonseca de Almeida, Existing International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) Policy and Guidance Material on Competition 205
Diego Benítez, Comparative Law Experiences: Refusal from Service Providers 217
Hermes Navarro del Valle, Competition Law in Tourism Activities 231
Francisca Ramón Fernández and Cristina Lull Noguera, Practices Distorting Competition and Redressive Measures in Air Transport: About the Regulation (EU) 2019/712 of the European Parliament and of the Council 247
Chiara Tincani, Competition and Tourist Protection in the Works of the Italian Competition Authority 265
Michael Wukoschitz, Competition Issues in Air Ticket Sales through Global Distribution Systems – Distribution Cost Charge and Location-Dependant Ticket Prices: Analysis of an Austrian Supreme Court Decision 283
António Osório, Competition in Air Transport Services Within Africa Regulations – African Union 293
João Almeida Vidal, The Proposed Introduction of Market-Based Mechanisms for the Use of Airport Slots and its Effects on Competition 307
Tommaso Bonetti and Cecilia Sereni Lucarelli, Tourism and Competition in the Italian Legal System 321
Rosaria Garozzo and Marina Pecoraro, Competition Protection in the Tourism Sector in Italy 333
Competition Council of Luxembourg, Contribution of the Competition Council of Luxembourg 355
Sara d’Urso, The Essentiality of a Large Hand Luggage in Air Transport and Unfair Commercial Practises 359
Fredy Sánchez Merino, Acts that May Cause Confusion and their Influence on Tourism 381
Alejandro Corral Sastre, ICT as an Instrument for more Efficient Administrative Control of Tourism Activities: Towards Smart Tourism 397
Margarida Rosado da Fonseca and Filipa Veiga Gomes, Tourism Law and Competition – A Portuguese Perspective 417
Ardyllis Alves Soares, The European Union and European States’ Developments on Online Travel Agencies’ Parity Clauses 483
Joandre Antonio Ferraz, Hotels x Online Travel Agencies – Brazil’s Competitive Authority Decision 497
Ana Branca Soeiro de Carvalho, Parity Clauses and the European Competition Law in Tourism – The “Most-Favoured-Nation Clauses” (MFNs) and the Online Travel Agencies (OTAs) 515
Michael Tanti-Dougall and Jacqueline Tanti-Dougall, Travel Agents versus Airlines in the Maltese Competition Law Scenario: On PSAA’s Jurisdiction and IATA’s Juridical Interest in connection with the Reduction of the Travel Agents’ Commission 529
Juan Francisco Rodríguez Ayuso, Electronic Arbitration as a Means of Resolving Tourist Disputes 545
NEW DISTRIBUTION CAPABILITY (NDC) 561
Valérie Augros, IATA’s New Distribution Capability (NDC) in Light of European Competition Principles 561
Marcelo Oliveira, A Global and Legal Overview of Travel Agent Representatives Regarding the NDC Created by IATA 573
Andrew Charlton and Charles Stotler, New Distribution Capability and Competition 589
Tasman Tam, New Distribution Capability (NDC): Debunking the Myths of Anti-competitive Harm 605
Julio Facal, Tourism and Competition – The New Air Transport Distribution Channels: GDS vs. NDC 615
HOUSING RENTALS 639
Sheila Sánchez Bergara Tourist Rentals Mediated by Platforms and Competition Law: Critical Issues 639
Pilar Juana García Saura, Impact on the free competition in the regulations of the Collaborative hosting in Spain. Legal problems 651
Raúl Pérez Guerra and María Matilde Ceballos Martín, Towards a Regulation or a Deregulation of Tourist Apartments in Spain: With Particular Reference to the Autonomous Community of Andalusia 663
Afonso Ribeiro Café, Competition Challenges in the Accommodation Sharing Economy in Portugal 681
Joaquín López Vallés, Regulation of Short-Term Housing Rentals in Spain: A Critical Review under Competition and Efficient Economic Regulation Standards 693
IATA, The New Distribution Capability (NDC) is a Major Transformation of Airline Distribution 623
CASE LAW 709
Carlos Torres, State Aids to Airlines due to COVID-19 and Ryanair’s Actions before the European Court of Justice 709

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