CONTENTS 9 Annabelle Lepièce How to Support the Development of New Routes at an Airport: Commercial Incentives and Compatible Aids in Favour of Airlines under EU Law 143 Introduction; 1. General Principles of State Aid; 1.1. The notion of State aid; 1.2. The procedural obligations; 1.3. The relevant EU framework in the air transport sector; 2. Incentives Granted by Airports and Public Authorities for the Development of Routes; 2.1. Commercial incentives to airlines under the private operator principle; 2.2. Non-selective rebates on airport charges; 2.3. The remuneration for publicity on an airline’s website; 2.4. The purchase of flight tickets by a public company/authority; 3. Regional Schemes to Develop Air Traffic; 4. Aids Authorised under EU Law; 4.1. Start-up aids for new routes; 4.2. Public Service Obligations in the air transport sector; 4.3. De minimis aid; 4.4. The grant of social aid; Conclusion. Romain Papy Is the Airline Industry a Natural Monopoly or a Contestable Market? The Enforcement of EU Competition Law Viewed Through the Prism of Airline Economics 173 Abstract; 1. Overview; 1.1. EU Competition Law and Economics; 1.2. The Paradox of Airline Economics; 1.3. The Control of Concentrations in the Airline Industry; 2. The Harmless Effect of Concentration Highlighted by Airline Economics; 2.1. The Theory of Contestable Markets in the Airline Industry: “Capital on Wings”; 2.2. The Benefits of Economies Of scale, Density and Scope;
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