Competition Law in Tourism

634 COMPETITION LAW IN TOURISM management is included in the “NDC Shopping” request from a TA and triggers an offer creation from an airline, depending on the items contained by the request. The offer is then proposed to the requester. The offer management platform enables airlines to distribute their full product offers and to market any additional services using rich content, in an anonymised or personalised fashion. This may include dynamic pricing. Additional services can be those provided by any third party with which an airline has an agreement. Offer Management will be needed to request prices directly at the airline level: it can be described in simple terms as a pricing engine. “Order Management” is the ability for the airline to create, store and manage its orders. The Order gives an entire view of the various products and services a customer has ordered. Order management can be as simple as ensuring the PNR (Passenger Name Record), ETs (Electronic Tickets) and EMDs (Electronic Miscellaneous Documents) are referenced with a single identifier (the Order ID). An order may contain related customer information. In a second phase, order management could also be highly sophisticated, just like in the retail world, where every aspect of the order, from product purchase, payment to delivery, is managed. An Order is a uniquely identified record of the agreement of one party with another to receive products and services under specified terms and conditions. The NDC ‘Order’ supports the sale of a flexible range of airline products and services that are not necessarily journey based 6.2. NDC standard makes it possible to move towards dynamic pricing and personalisation The NDC standards schemas support various features, for example: • The ability to distribute rich content: (pictures, videos, sound, virtual reality experiences…): this requires that the airline can create, store and manage this content. • The ability to offer and sell ancillaries i.e. additional products, services or even product characteristics (this could be flexibility on a ticket, where the ticket is theproduct, the flexibilityof anadditional ‘purchased’ characteristic). In this context, its own products and services are within the scope, as well as other 3rd parties’ products (ground transportation, hotels…). • The NDC schemas allow the requester (the customer or the travel agent) to better inform the airline of who they are. In such cases, the NDC

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