10 COMPETITION LAW IN TOURISM 3. The Anti-competitive Effects of Concentration Highlighted by Airlines Economics; 3.1. The Limits of the Theory of Contestable Markets and the Remaining Issue of Barriers to Entry; 3.2. The Mutual Forbearance Hypothesis; 3.3. The Trend towards Monopoly and Oligopoly; 4. EU Competition Law Enforcement in the Light of Airlines Economics; 4.1. Potential Competition and the Theory of Contestable Markets; 4.2. Barriers to Entry and the Theory of Mutual Forbearance; 4.3. Economic Efficiencies versus Consumer Welfare; 4.4. Free Market versus EU Internal Market Integration; Conclusion; References. Luís Fonseca Almeida Existing International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) Policy and Guidance Material on Competition 205 1. Introduction; 2. Provisions in the Chicago Convention; 3. ICAO Assembly Resolutions; 4. Conclusions and Recommendations of Air Transport Conferences; 4.1. Competition Laws; 4.2. Cooperation in the Field of Competition; 4.3. Competition Practices; 5. ICAO Policy Guiding; 6. Summary. Diego Benítez Comparative Law Experiences: Refusal from Service Providers 217 1. Introduction; 2. E-commerce, Parity Clause & Unfair Competition; 3. Internet Intermediaries; 4. Other Examples in Comparative Tourism Law; 5. Intermediary Online Services and Consumers Protection; 6. The Argentinean Antitrust Law; 7. Final Remarks.
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